ReferenceTV همزة وصل بين الأجيال
1/ The Ancient Seven Wonders :
The Ancient Greeks opened most of the ancient world in the fourth century BC, making it easier for Greek tourists to visit most of these countries and to identify ancient civilizations such as the Persian, Babylonian, and Pharaonic civilization. They recorded and excavated the archaeological sites they saw and admired. The seven wonders of the world, which testify to human skill, hard work, creativity, and innovation from ancient times. Wonderland first known as “Themata” , a Greek word meaning what it sees, or something that must be seen , as the byzantine scientist “Filo” has known in his book entitled “The Seven Wonders of the World”, written by a number of historians such as Herodotus, Kalimachus al-Qureini, and Antipater of Sidawi. Although the seven wonders of the world attest to the greatness of human hand-making and creativity, it also attests to the human hand’s ability to destroy; some of these wonders have been destroyed by man, and some have been abandoned by nature. Only one marvel has survived until today, The greatest pyramid in Egypt .
- The Great Pyramid of Khufu in Egypt :
The Great Pyramid of Khufu in Egypt is one of the greatest edifice in the world, ordered by the pharaoh Khufu Liquu It was built in the period 2584-2561 BC. It took 20 years and was one of the oldest of the seven wonders of the world. It was built in 360,000 men, and it was used as a tomb. 2.3 million stone blocks weighing 2 tons per block. The height of the pyramid is approximately 480 feet, or 146 meters. One of the world’s most controversial monuments, it is believed to be the tallest building built by humans for 4,000 years, is the only surviving survivor of the seven old wonders of the world.
- The hanging gardens of Babylon in Iraq :
The Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar built the Babylon Gardens suspended in Iraq in the period between 605-562 BC .; Dedication to his wife, who was longing for her country and the beauty of nature, and those who described the description of the historian Diodorus Sicily, he described as vegetarian aircraft watered Self. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon are rocky terraces that gradually rise to more than 23 m, accessible through a series of drawers. The gardens were planted with many types of flowers, fruits, winter and summer vegetables; they remained green and prosperous throughout the year and were surrounded by a water trench on the banks The Euphrates River, and these gardens eight gates, the most famous gate Ishtar. The controversy over the existence of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon was raised; the Babylonian history did not mention it. In addition, the father of history Herodotus did not mention it in his descriptions of the city of Babylon, Lots of th Argen proved that they were already present, such as: Diodorus, Philo and Strabo, The Hanging Gardens of Babylon destroyed after a century built by the earthquake hit the area.
- Temple of Artemis in Turkey :
The Temple of Artemis was built under the patronage of the King Lydia King Chrysus in 550 BC. It was named after Queen Artemis. It was located in a Greek colony in Ephesus in Asia Minor, where it was situated on Mount Ephesus, now called Mount Seljuk. The temple was built more than 120 years ago. It was 425 feet tall and 225 feet wide. It was supported by high columns surrounded by all the 127 columns, each measuring 18 meters long. Although the temple took 120 years to build, It was destroyed in one night by a man named Hirostratus On July 21, 356 BC, Hierostratus set fire to the temple to declare himself to be one of the finest structures built by mankind, but the people of Ephesus did not admit it. The temple promised then one of the most spectacular and amazing structures , Which was donated by Alexander the Second, but was rejected by the people of Ephesus at the beginning, but rebuilt after his death but on a smaller scale, and destroyed again by the Goths when they invaded Greece, and then built for the third and final time, then destroyed completely in 401 BC. , When he was hit by a large group of Christians shot by St. St. John is based on what Strabo wrote in his book, and some of its parts are still kept in the British Museum.
- The statue of Zeus in Olympia :
The statue of Zeus, one of the best sculptors in the world, was created by the Greek sculptor Vidas in the fifth century In honor of the god Zeus, Phidias portrayed Zeus as he sat on his throne, using his ivory to paint his body, while his garment was of beaten gold, and the length of the statue was 12 meters. The aim of his greatness was to instill terror in the hearts of the people inside the temple of Zeus. He was criticized, where he wanted to portray him Population, but because of its height appeared as if standing to touch the ceiling, so it was appreciated for the dimensions is incorrect. The statue was taken down and taken to the city of Constantinople to be burned after Christianity emerged and banned the worship of idols. It is also said that it did not destroy the burning, but was destroyed by an earthquake in the 5th or 6th century BC.
- The Shrine of Halikarnassus in Turkey :
The tomb of the Persian king Satarap Mussolus, known as the Hallikarnassus monument in 351 BC, was named after the city of Halikarnassus, which was taken by the king as its capital. The tomb was built in accordance with the desire of his wife Artemisia to make the capital an unmatched city in the world. Her husband, the king, was baptized in 353 BC. Two years later, she died and put her remains in the side of her husband’s remains. The shrine reached 135 feet and was decorated by 4 Greek sculptors. Work P Yeh even after the death of the king and queen in commemoration of their remembrance, this would make them more famous. The shrine was destroyed by a series of earthquakes. In 1494, it was totally dismantled and used by St. John’s army in the construction of Bodrum Castle. The stones are still in use today. The shrine consists of three parts. The basement is a huge hall built of white marble, topped by the second level, which contains 36 columns distributed on the parts to bear the roof of the mausoleum. The shrine rises in a pyramid. At the top there is a statue of a cart drawn by 4 horses. At the base of the mausoleum, And the remains of the king and the queen in a white marble coffin. The mausoleum tells mythical stories and heroic battles through inscriptions, decorations and statues in all its parts.
- Rhodes Statue in Greece :
The statue of Rhodes is a large statue of a male, 280 BC. In honor of the god Helios the shepherd of Rhodes Island, built after the successful defense of the city against the invasion that took place in 305 BC, led by Macedonian leader Demetrius, who left behind a lot of weapons that sold a large amount used in the construction of the statue, He stood 56 p What to be destroyed by an earthquake in 226q.m. The Statue of Rhodes is 110 feet tall and its legs stand on two identical bases. “The statue’s fingers are larger than any statue at the time,” said the historian Theophanes. “The statue was covered with bronze and some of its ruins were sold to a Jewish merchant to transport it to his country.
- The Lighthouse of Alexandria in Egypt :
Ptolemy I ordered the construction of the lighthouse of Alexandria on an island called “Foros” . It was completed in 280 BC. The lighthouse was in third place in length after the Pyramids and Artemis Temple. It was 440 feet long. Reflect sunlight P It is possible to see it 35 miles away, exactly , 57 km. The structure was square in shape and later to be octagonal. The center was built in a round shape. . The earthquake was caused by earthquakes. The first earthquake caused huge damage in 956 AD, followed by the second earthquake in 1303 AD, followed by a third earthquake in 1323 AD, and its final destruction in 1480 AD. It is now occupied by a castle called Qaitbay, Lighthouse stones.
2/ The New Seven Wonders :
The Canadian film producer Bernard Weber launched an initiative launched by the New World Foundation in 2000 and was the first of its kind for the Seven Wonders of the World, including 17 sites at the beginning. However, public objection led to the addition of 6 other sites. The competition was the first of its kind in the world. The contestants said that 75 million people participated in the selection of the new list of wonders from around the world. The new list includes the following features:
- The Great Wall of China :
The Great Wall of China is a series of walls extending over a length of 2,400 km. 10 m, the width is between 5-9 m, and there are 25 thousand control towers. The Great Wall of China was built in the 5th century BC, and it took about 40 years to build and support stones in the 16th century.
- The statue of Christ the Redeemer :
The statue of the Redeemer was built on the mountain top of Corcovado in Rio de Janeiro, And was designed by the artist Hator da Silva Costa in 1931, in the style of a popular design wave that appeared at the beginning of the 1920s called Art Deco. The statue is 40 meters long and has been built for 250,000$ , mostly from donations.
- The Ancient city of Meizhou Bechu :
Meizhou City Bechu was built during the height of the Inca Empire’s growth ,exactly in the middle of the 15th century, the city of the Andes was the capital of the Inca Empire. This later was situated between the two peaks of the Andes, and can only be reached on foot or by train or helicopter. This city was a sacred center of the capital of Cusco, and remained unknown until it was discovered in 1911 with the help of archaeologist Herram Bingham.
- The Pyramid of Chichen Itza :
The Pyramid of Chichen Itza is located in the north of the Yutokan Peninsula in Mexico. It is an example of the genius and creativity of the Mayan peoples. It is 54 meters high and the city of Chichen Itza was a trade center for cloths, slaves, salt and honey and became the political and economic center of civilization. Mayan, and the city flourished in the period 800-1200m; it was a temple of ancient warriors and an astronomical observatory.
- Roman Colosseum in Rome :
The Roman Coliseum was built in the period 70-80m in the form of an oval structure that can accommodate 50,000 people, Where people were gathering in order to see the important events that were taking place in the Kingdom of Romania, such as: hunt animals, re-representation of battles, in addition to the skin and incidents of death. The tarmac was destroyed by thieves and thieves, leaving only parts of the structures that tourists see when they visit it, and its design has influenced the construction of modern terraces.
- Taj Mahal in India :
The Taj Mahal built between 1632-1648 mm of white marble; In honor of the memory of the wife of the Mughal emperor Shah Jihan, and the mausoleum is a mixture of Islamic, Persian, Turkish and Indian art and derives its name from the name of the wife of Emperor Mumtaz Mahal.
- Petra In Jordan :
The city of Petra was the capital of the Nabataeans during the reign of King Harith IV, exactly in the period between the year 9 BC – 40 AD, it was built by the Nabataeans . They built complex tunnels that had water chambers, sculpted structures in rock, as well as the 4,000 seats. The city has many things that made it famous.
